Durian Merah Fruit Plant (Durio graveolens)

Durian Merah (Durio graveolens): The Vibrant Red-Fleshed Fruit Plant

General Information

Durian Merah, scientifically known as Durio graveolens, is an extraordinary species within the Malvaceae family. Commonly referred to as durian otak udang galah, durian hutan, tabelak, durian kuning, or durian sukang, this tree is celebrated for its bright red, orange, or yellow-fleshed fruit.

The tree is a towering giant, reaching up to 50 meters in height, and thrives across Borneo, Palawan (Philippines), Mindanao, and Peninsular Malaysia. It is occasionally sighted in Sumatra, demonstrating its wide adaptability in Southeast Asia. The fruit itself is small, featuring a striking bright yellow exterior that sometimes carries brown tinges. Known for its mild odor, the thick, creamy flesh delivers a unique cheesy taste that is both rich and addictive.

Nutritional and Medicinal Benefits

Durian Merah offers an array of health benefits, making it a nutritionally significant fruit:

• Blood Sugar Control: Rich in manganese, which aids in the maintenance of healthy blood sugar levels.
• Diabetes Management: Enhances insulin response, making it beneficial for diabetic patients.
• Oxidative Stress Reduction: Antioxidants present in the fruit combat oxidative stress, reducing aggravation of diabetes symptoms.
• Cardiovascular Health: Contains nutrients that may support heart health by improving circulation and reducing cholesterol.

Culinary Profile: Taste and Flavor

Durian Merah is celebrated for its creamy texture and unique flavor profile. The flesh, often described as cheesy, carries a mild yet rich taste with a buttery undertone. Its aroma is considerably milder than traditional durians, making it appealing to a broader audience. The vibrant red and orange hues of the flesh make it a visually striking ingredient in desserts, smoothies, and traditional dishes across Southeast Asia.

Cultural and Environmental Significance

Durian Merah holds a special place in the local cultures of Borneo and the surrounding regions. Its bright colors and milder aroma make it a favorite in local markets and festivities. Beyond its cultural value, the tree plays a vital ecological role. Its cultivation supports biodiversity, contributes to sustainable agriculture, and provides income for local farmers.

Environmentally, Durio graveolens contributes to rainforest preservation by promoting agroforestry practices that integrate this species into diverse ecosystems. By growing this tree, communities support the balance of local habitats and create a resilient agricultural system.

Cultivation and Maintenance

• Climate: Thrives in tropical climates with high humidity and consistent rainfall.
• Soil Requirements: Prefers well-drained, fertile soils enriched with organic matter.
• Blooming and Fruiting: Takes 5 to 6 years from seed to produce fruit.
• Maintenance Level: Moderate, requiring regular watering, pruning, and pest control.

Growing Tips for Farmers

1. Spacing and Sunlight: Plant in an area with ample space and partial to full sunlight.
2. Watering: Regular irrigation during dry spells ensures healthy growth but avoid waterlogging.
3. Fertilization: Apply organic compost to nourish the soil and encourage fruiting.
4. Pest Management: Monitor for common pests and use natural pest control methods to protect the tree.

Why Choose Durian Merah?

Durian Merah is a feast for the senses, offering visual appeal, unique flavors, and immense nutritional value. Its creamy red or orange flesh, mild aroma, and cheesy taste make it a must-try for durian enthusiasts and culinary adventurers alike. Beyond its taste, the tree supports environmental sustainability and promotes biodiversity in its native regions.

Whether you are a farmer looking to diversify crops, a chef seeking exotic ingredients, or a health-conscious consumer, Durio graveolens stands out as an exceptional fruit that blends nature's vibrancy with extraordinary benefits.